| abstract | The relationship between Pediculochelus Lavoipierre, 1946, and Paralycus Womersley, 1944, is discussed, but a decision regarding possible synonymy is deferred until Paralycus pyrigerus (Berlese), 1905, is redescribed. Characteristics of the family Pediculochelidae are presented. Inclusion of this unusual group of mites in the Endeostigmata is considered expedient until more information is available. Two paratype specimens of Pediculochelus raulti Lavoipierre are illustrated. A comparison suggests they represent distinct species. Two new species, P. lavoipierrei and P. parvulus, from grassland soil in California are described and illustrated. Characteristics useful for species discrimination are discussed. |